Information Duties under Japanese Trade Law and Company Law

I. Introduction | II. Trade Law | III. Company Law | 1. Commercial Register (shōgyō tōki) | 2. Shareholders’ Rights in General | a) Individual information | b) Collective information | 3. Partnership-type Company | a) General partnership company (gōmei kaisha) and limited partnership company (gōshi kaisha) | b) Limited liability company | 4. Stock Corporation | a) Individual information | b) Collective information | c) Appointment of inspector | d) Corporate governance | 5. “Collective Information” as a General Principle? | IV. Reporting | V. Conclusion: Three Material Weaknesses in the Japanese System | 1. Poor Enforcement | 2. Failure to Make Good Use of ICT | 3. Ungoverned Selective Disclosure