Disciplinary Measures under Japanese and German Law

I. Introduction | II. Basic Laws and Application | A. Japanese Law | 1. Applicable Statutes | 2. Available Sanctions | 3. Procedural and Progressive Discipline Requirements | 4. Off-the-Job Behaviour | B. German Law | 1. Applicable Statutes | 2. Available Sanctions | a. Individual Sanctions | b. Collective Sanctions | 3. Procedural and Progressive Discipline Requirements | 4. Off-the-Job Behaviour | III. Comparison | 1. Major Differences | 2. Cultural Reasons | IV. Conclusion